Islamic Banking In The United Kingdom Essay Example Pdf - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1904 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Tags: Banking Essay Did you like this example? This research plan will be a hub of attention to inspect the opportunities of progress and growth as well as the major challenges to Islamic banking in the UK. The UK is the hub of Islamic banking and contains importance in Islamic financial sector due to its fast growing Muslim population. Islamic banking is facing some great challenges in the UK because the financial system is more favourable to conventional banking. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Islamic Banking In The United Kingdom Essay Example Pdf" essay for you Create order There are greater opportunities in the UK for development and growth of Islamic financial system because Muslim community is eager to take financial products and they are willing to spend their lives according to their religion. There is need to educate the Muslim community toward Islamic financial products; service providers need to improve the information system within the communities and Islamic banking institution is need to work hard for survival and compete with conventional banking system in the sector of regulations and supervisions. The keywords in this research are Islamic banking, Islamic finance, Muslim population, Muslim scholars, Islamic banking growth in the UK and Islamic banking challenges. 2.0 RESEARCH SIGNIFICANCE According to the figures of Office for National Statistics 2001, there was 1.6 million (2.8%) Muslims living in the United Kingdom but according to Home Secretary the Muslim population is increasing with high growth rate. In just seven years there is an increase of 40,000 Muslims in the UK and figures reached on 2 million which consist of 3.3% of total UK population. There was no any facility available to Muslim community before 2000 but the Muslim population want to spend their lives according to their faith. According to Islamic teaching interest is strongly prohibited in Islam and they want to take banking services such as saving accounts, current accounts, home finances, insurance and loan according to Islamic Shariah law. The United Kingdom is non-Muslim country and all its financial rules and regulation in favour of conventional banking. Because the Muslim community is active part of the UK economy, there was need to start a system which is acceptable to these people. Islamic banking is started in the UK in 2003 with authorization of Financial services Authority. From 2003 to 2009 there is enough improvement and development in Islamic banking system. Currently two main high street conventional banks and one wholly Islamic bank are involved in Islamic banking services. But Islamic banking institution is still in the growth and infancy stage and Islamic banking is facing different challenges in this Western society such as socially, economically, fund management and regulations. With increasing popularity of Islamic banking in Western countries especially in the UK there are some difficulties in the way of Islamic Shariah law, Islamic banking system as well as the role of Financial Services Authority and UK Government are the critical issues. It is necessary to find out the opportunities for development and growth of Islamic banking in the UK and major challenges are faced by Islamic banking. 3.0 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The main objectives of this proposal is to find out the opportunities for development and growth of Islamic banking in UK and challenges which are currently faced by Islamic banking in the world and United Kingdom specially. The main objective of this research proposal is to investigate the basic understanding of Islamic banking in community and in banking sector because without basic understanding it is difficult to develop this financial system, whether there is any opportunity for growth and development in the UK and which kind of challenges is faced by Islamic banking. The objectives of the research proposal are to: Examine that how important to know the fundamentals for Islamic banking for Muslim community and service providers. Investigate that do Muslims really believe and know the difference between Islamic banking and conventional banking and what are the factors which make Islamic banking prior to conventional for Muslim community. How important in Sha r iah law and its practise for Islamic finance and the role of Islamic scholars in promoting Islamic banking services and products. 4.0 LITERATURE REVIEW Literature review illustrates the concept, scope and principles of Islamic banking around the globe in general and specifically in the United Kingdom. Islamic banking is a universal concept in the conventional banking, which is in practice with its many products in most of high street banks in the UK like HSBC, Lloyd TSB and as well Islamic Bank of Britain. 5.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY There are two main research paradigms positivistic and phenomenological. It is possible that different authors may use the alternative terms for these main paradigms in different time. The most commonly and alternatively used the terms are quantitative research method for positivistic and qualitative for phenomenological (Collis and Hussey, 2003). The originally the positivistic paradigm was developed in the natural sciences to study natural phenomena and it is confirmatory and deductive in nature. The phenomenological paradigm was developed in the social sciences to facilitate the researchers to research and analyze social and cultural phenomena and this approach is exploratory and inductive in nature (www.socialresearchmethods). The paradigm is very important because it gives you a right path to use the right methodology. According to Collis and Hussy (2003 p.55) Regardless of which paradigm you are employing, it is important that you pay attention to all the features, and ensure that there are no contradictions or deficiencies in your methodology. The paradigm of this research is phenomenological because it tends to produce qualitative data not quantitative. The quantitative research is objective in nature that involves analysis of numerical data by applying statistical tests (Collis and Hussey, 2003). But the qualitative research is much more subjective in nature, concerned with generating theories and can be generalized in understanding of the phenomenon of challenges and opportunities of Islamic banking in UK. 6.0 RESEARCH PURPOSE Islamic banking is a hot topic in western countries especially in the UK. In the UK almost 2 million Muslims community is living and they want to spend their lives according to their religion (www.guardian.co.uk). This community is well contributing to the economy of the UK due to this the UK government gives more importance in the sector of Islamic banking. Nowadays the UK is the hub of Islamic banking and most of the high street banks providing the services of Islamic window. Due to this growing demand, Islamic banking faces some difficulties and challenges in western countries. The purpose of the study is to examine and analyze the growth and opportunities of Islamic banking in the UK. ÂÂ  7.0 RESEARCH METHOD For this research project, I chose to undertake qualitative research method. The qualitative method is a type of research that emphasizes the quality of meaning in consumer perceptions and behaviours; there are different criteria or techniques can be used in qualitative method such as in-depth interviews and focus groups. The most common qualitative research techniques include: In-depth interview Focus group Case study Direct observation ÂÂ  7.1 Reason for choosing In-depth interview: I chose in-depth interview technique for my qualitative research due to its unique advantages over other techniques such as focus group and questionnaires. In the way of in-depth interviews it is easy to speak to an individual and keep his attention on specific topic comparatively it is difficult in focus group interviews. There is a lot of time saving and reducing the hassles to take an appointment from individual. The main advantage of in-depth interview is that the interviews can be easily conducted with key community leaders through that researcher can get a fast overview of a community according to his requirements. 7.2 Sources of data: 7.2.1 Primary data: This research is based on a study of the UK because growing population of Muslims community is playing positive role for the UK economy. Actually most of the Muslims want to spend their lives according to their faith. In this case study it will be examined that what are the problems and opportunities in the UK for Islamic banking. I will use the qualitative method of research in this project. There are different techniques of qualitative method but according to the situation the in-depth interviews is more suitable form for this project. According to Collis and Hussey (2003) in phenomenological approach the interview questions are unstructured or semi- structured in pattern not closed questions like positivistic approach. The plan is that the researcher will prepare semi-structured questions that are helpful to take maximum information from interviewees because in closed questions it is possible that some important information will be ignored. In semi-structured interviews the rese archer has an opportunity to probe various areas and to raise specific queries during the semi-structured interviews. 7.3 Data collection methods: For the collection of primary data I shall use technique of in-depth interview. The plan is to hold the eight in-depth interviews from different sectors of the society. The researcher will hold four interviews from the banks authorities such as HSBC, Lloyd TSB and Islamic Bank of Britain that will give the clear facts and figures about the growth, opportunities and problems related to Islamic banking with reference to shariah compliance and Governmental authorities. Two with such Muslims who already customer of the Islamic banking which will facilitate the research through providing the information why they did take up Islamic banking, advantages and disadvantages of this system and as well about the scope of Islamic banking in UK. Two with such Muslims that are not using Islamic banking product which will helpful to investigate why they have not taken the Islamic banking product and which factors are stopping them from these services that are according to their faith. My plan is t o speak to non-Muslims that are using the Islamic banking products that will provide the best information for the growth and strong fundamentals of Islamic banking. The planned is to conduct these interviews through sending letters to banking authorities and emails to customer services department of the perspective banks to arrange an appointment. To take interviews from customers and non-customers of the Islamic banking the interviewer will use the posters advertisement in the mosques and libraries in that area where the Muslims are living in majority. The interviews will be recorded using the voice recorder with the permission of the interviewees. If the voice recorder is not possible then the interviewer will take notes which will be summarized with full detail and also these notes will be available on demand for further investigation. 8.0 Research limitations: This research was proposed to be conducted in a very short span of 8 weeks, which forced the researchers to curtail the research from expanding in to a wider spectrum. According to the proposed planned of seven interviews it is possible that there should be some hurdle to get all information from customers of Islamic banking. In the course of research if the researcher will feel to get more widely information about the growth of Islamic banking then mini open ended questionnaires will be conducted. As the research was a part of student project there where huge limitations on financial resources. Lack of financial backup congests the team, which in turn curbed the research team from dilating the research. Conclusion: The purpose of research is to find out opportunities of growth and development as well the main challenges to Islamic banking in the United Kingdom. The primary data which was collected through in-depth interviews is to match with the different opinions of the community members about the scope and future of Islamic banking in the UK. The outcomes and results of these in-depth interviews are matched with aims and objectives of the research.

Netflix vs. Redbox - 1055 Words

A draft of Netflix vs. Redbox Netflix Strengths Netflix provides a subscription-style e-commerce service. Customers only need to sign up and pay $13.95-39.95 a month to borrow as many as 2-9 movies at a time with no monthly limit. If customers quickly watch the DVD and send them back, the monthly fee pays for quite a few movies. The relatively low monthly fee enables Netflix to compete with Blockbuster and other brick-and-mortar video rental business. Meanwhile, Netflix might keep the customers who try the service and happy with it continue paying the monthly fee. Therefore, Netflix has less problem in predicting revenue or level revenues. * Being an on-line DVD rental store, Netflix combines the growing Home Entertainment Market and†¦show more content†¦* NetFlix and Musicland Stores paired up to begin a cross promotion program to promote awareness and sales of DVDs. NetFlix will point customers to SamGoody.com when they want to buy discs. In return, SamGoody.com will provide the purchase phase of NetFlix s Test drive program before they decide to buy. Customers who visit a page for a specific movie on SamGoody.com will also have the option to rent from NetFlix.com. NetFlix will also give the option to rent DVD from Netflix.com or buy it from SamGoody.com. * As a web based business, NetFlix has rapid growth potential with the popularity and development of World Wide Web, and DVD technologies. More and more people will accept and be involved in e-bussiness. NetFlix, the world s first and largest online DVD rental store, will develop fast. * NetFlix established promotional relationship with Amazon.com for the sale and rental of DVD. Amazon s reputation for its tremendous selection and first-class customer service will make it the ideal partner to handle sales to NetFlix s customers. NetFlix also looks forward to introducing millions of Amazon.com customer to its compelling DVD rental service through exclusive special offers and promotions. This might bring much more customers to NetFlix. * Playing Video games is a very popular amusement. Netflix will extend into video game rental business. Threats: * Traditional brick and mortar rental stores are a threatShow MoreRelatedNetflix vs. Redbox946 Words   |  4 PagesNetflix vs. Redbox Assignment 1. Netflix: The target segment of Netflix is frequent users. Netflix offers customers an ever-expanding collection of TV and movie titles. The pricing range of the subscriptions varies depending on the type of plan. All plans will allow customers receive a certain amount of DVDs every month. So it is suitable to the frequent users, who may watch the movies regularly every month. 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Cook in 1985, a 34 year old entrepreneur from Dallas, Texas. Having past experience in providing database software and other computer services to industries like oil and gas, Cook had strong information system knowledge. His innovative idea of running a video rental business using a scanner to keep a track of the customer’s data and their rented movies, he came up with Blockbuster Inc which was a greatRead MoreHome Movie Rental Industry2485 Words   |  10 Pages(MGM340-1302A-04) Professor Charles Cullinane Home Movie Rental Industry Roxane Billiot May 5, 2013 I. Introduction to home movie rental industry A. Netflix 1. Background 2. History B. Redbox 1. Background 2. History II. Operational objective C. Netflix 1. Mission Statement 2. Expectations D. Redbox 1. Mission Statement 2. Expectations III. Specific operational challenges IV. Metrics E. Customer satisfaction F. Cost G. GrowthRead MoreBlockbuster Case Essay1919 Words   |  8 PagesFall 2011 | BlockBuster Case Analysis | | 1. What role has Netflix played in the development of Blockbuster’s strategic planning? How important is Netflix to Blockbuster’s future strategic plans? Before answering this question ,I would like to highlight that It s clear after reading the case that blockbuster main problem was making strategic plan without considering its scorecard as they never anticipated change or tried to early explore strategic alternatives and they never examinedRead MoreBlockbuster Declares Bankruptcy2749 Words   |  11 Pages435 – Organizational Change Robert Hamamoto September 19, 2011 Shortly before their 25th anniversary, Blockbuster files for bankruptcy protection with a Chapter 11 petition. The failing company couldn’t compete in today’s market against Netflix, Redbox, Apple, and other internet-based businesses that provided mail-order rentals or digital streaming. Their business model needed to be revamped to stay competitive. 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Race and My Community Free Essays

Introduction Many people believe that racism is a thing of the past when in fact race related hate is still a problem in America today. There are many recorded incidences of stereotyping, discrimination, and racial issue within my community. Neighborhood segregation in the northern cities is the biggest reminder of racial division in America. We will write a custom essay sample on Race and My Community or any similar topic only for you Order Now New laws state that racism, discrimination, and stereotyping are absolutely illegal. Although race is not supposed to have an effect on communities today, racism, discrimination, and stereotypes are still present in America today. Racism is present in all walks of life and affects everyone, including the person that is harboring all of the hate. Racial division in the United States has primarily consisted of the separation of people into those with â€Å"white† skin and those with â€Å"black† skin. The degree to which skin tone shapes American social relationships is signified linguistically in the way we commonly identify each other as â€Å"White† or â€Å"Black† in everyday jargon. As Lee Artz outlines in his book Cultural Hegemony in the United States, â€Å"In practice, race has regulated legal treatment, economic opportunity, and social status, and the most defining characteristic of race in the United States has been skin color. In many communities racism hides under rocks and behind the masks of individuals that would never be thought of as a person that holds hate in their heart. It is very hard to determine if someone is being racist because they hide it and use different issues, as an excuse, to show this hate. There are people out there that see, acknowledge, and accept the complications of racism, there are people that do not or cannot see racism, and there are people that are too oblivious to notice it. Racism, discrimination, and stereotyping rears their ugly head in many different forms. This type of ignorance shows itself among the young, the old, the rich, the poor, and in every race. All communities are ill with this problem in one way or another. Majority of the members of my community that looks like me but, there are some that don’t look like me. The individuals that resemble me the most are the people that work hard, love each other, try to help the weak, and attempt to make a differen ce somewhere along the way. The people that do not look like me are the people that rob, steal, lie, and murder. I believe some others look different because of nationality; Missouri is a very diverse state so we see many races. There are leaders of my community that are wonderful role models that take pride in their community and they really care about the people who live here in North Carolina. My community members treat me with respect because I treat them with respect.As with any community there are also so members of the community who only come to work to get a paycheck and they don’t care about anyone but themselves. I have never personally been mistreated by a leader in my community but I have heard of instances were other community members have been mistreated because they were different or they were from a lower class than others. In my opinion the studies associated with this course does contain information about people like myself and people of my race because there were entries regarding African American history and great accomplishments of the black members of society. Overall, I feel like minority group interests are represented in my community. There are many programs, organizations, scholarship programs, grants, and research material available to the minority groups within my community. I am very fortunate to live in a community that offers these types of programs because there are many communities that give out scholarships, grants, or loans to only the people that they like. The administrators of these programs may turn away someone because they wear a turban or because the person in need is Asian. My manuals at work are not specifically aimed toward any particular group because everyone is pretty much the same. I feel inequities do exist in my community, if I could change any inequities within my community I would change the way people treat the African Americans in my community. . Sides and Gross (2007) state that, â€Å"negative stereotypes relating to violence and trustworthiness are remarkably common towards African Americans in the public’s mind. These stereotypes are underpinned by a similar set of factors that underpin stereotypes of blacks, Hispanic, and Asians—notably, authoritarian values. Furthermore, these stereotypes have consequences: those with less favorable views of African Americans are more lik ely to support several measures that are part of the broader American society. African Americans are people that yearn for love, acceptance, and perseverance just as others do. This type of discrimination against the people in my community is very disheartening. It is extremely difficult to understand why anyone would want to hate another person simply because they are a different religion, race, or nationality. Racism is a problem that hurts everyone. It is pure discrimination and cannot be allowed in employment, education, in churches, or on the streets. Racism can also be blind and unreasoning hatred, malice or prejudice. Discrimination is the denial of any equality based on personal attributes. I plan to continue to raise awareness by speaking to people that I come in contact with. I also plan on making a difference by being a good role model. If I see someone acting out of hate I will love them just as I love my own family. Hate breeds hate but love breeds so much more. With lo ve comes understanding, happiness, and most importantly love breeds change. If one person will just stand up to make a difference then others will follow. Sometimes it just takes that one person to take the lead when others are too scared to stand up and do so. Men and women have lost their lives in the fight for freedom and equality. Racism, discrimination, and stereotypes are still present in our communities today even after everything that this country has gone through. Even though we do not hear about this hate every day is it still present. People are just less likely to be open about it because of fear. Racism has even gotten as bad as restricting people to certain circumscribed areas of residence or to separate institutions and facilities on the basis of race or alleged race. Racial segregation provides a means of maintaining the economic advantages and higher social status of politically dominant races. Historically, various conquerors — among them Asian Mongols, African Bantu, and American Aztecs — have practiced discrimination involvi ng the segregation of subject races. Racial segregation has appeared in all multiracial communities, except where racial amalgamation has occurred on a large scale, as in Hawaii and Brazil. In such places there has been occasional social discrimination but not legal segregation. In the Southern states of the U.S., public facilities were segregated from the late 19th century into the 1950s (see Jim Crow law), and in South Africa a system of apartheid sanctioned discrimination against nonwhites until it was abolished in the 1990s. While many people believe that racism is something of the past, race related hate is still a serious problem in America, even today. If everyone would realize that ignorance and hate can be channeled into something productive, every single person would be able to live a happy live and thrive in a community of personalities instead of a community of color. Cultural diversity exits in every corner of the world. With diversity unfortunately comes negativity and struggles. Each one of us has our own unique story about where we came from and the different struggles we all faced throughout the years. This is more than true for minority groups Even though we may be different on the outside, we all are here for a common cause, to make the best of what we have and ensure our culture lives on. Although the fact that we are different is never going to change, the negative way we treat out fellow brothers and sisters of the human race can definitely change. The bottom line is that we must accept each other for who we are and what we represent if we are ever going to live in peace. REFERENCES: Race and Place: African American Community Histories, Retrieved December 4, 2009 www2.vcdh.virginia.edu/afam/raceandplace/index.html – Cached Sides, J. M. and Gross, K. A. , 2007-08-30 â€Å"Stereotypes of African Americans, Their Causes, and Their Consequence† Retrieved December 3, 2009 http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p209079_index.html Ethnicity and race: Nature of ethnicity http://www.anthro.palomar.edu/ethnicity/ethnic_2.htm, Retrieved December 4, 2009 Ethnic groups and discrimination, African American Muslim Http://www.Everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=1463139, Retrieved December 3, 2009 How to cite Race and My Community, Essay examples Race and My Community Free Essays The cultural differences and many races and ethnicities make this community what it is. Henderson is second largest itty in Nevada with over a quarter of a million inhabitants, second only to Alas Vegas, Nevada. Henderson population is made up of four different races making the total 267,270 people. We will write a custom essay sample on Race and My Community or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are over 210,000 Caucasians, over 15,000 African Americans and more than 35,000 Hispanics. As in many US cities, the gender balance Is fairly even at 49. 1% male and 50. 9 % female community members. (icosahedrons. Mom) I have noticed that members throughout my local community generally are Caucasian and look Like me, this Is because my race and my skin color make up over 70% of the entire population of Henderson. I have not experienced the leaders of my community treating people differently based on race, ethnicity or cultural differences but I imagine it happens. In researching where to rent an apartment I looked for a location that was near my work and college and was in an area where people were most like me. That doesn’t mean I am biased in my opinion due to the population facts of Henderson. I do not feel I would be comfortable living in an area where I was completely different in cultural background. I would be able to adjust to living in areas where there were many races and ethnicities represented but I like to be rarest to people who share my same cultural background and my religious beliefs. This has been true throughout my life as I am originally from the Midwest, in particular – Dimension, Iowa. There are some things that are very different about Iowa and Nevada, yet some things that are very much the same. The population make up of my hometown in Iowa is much the same with 70% of the population being Caucasian, although vast majority of the remaining 30% of the population are of Hispanic descent. There are a few African Americans and Asian Americans in my hometown as well, much like here n my new local community of Henderson. The major difference is only in the quantity of people as there are only 12,000 people living in Dimension, Iowa. That is a huge difference for me to adjust to culturally but I feel I have adjusted well to my new setting. One cultural concern I had was finding a Christian church that met my needs and expectations after living in the Midwest and attending a parochial school for part of my education and attending Christian churches all my life. I did find a church I Like very much In Alas Vegas not too far from where I live. This church fits the need of Christian but It sure was a cultural shock to go to a church with ten to fifteen times more attendees than my hometown church but I do believe that is representative of the community with nearly 80% being Caucasian in our city. The Council has 4 member, two females and two males, which is also representative of the gender make-up of Henderson. I think that my local media represents everyone pretty equally. For example: if a person commits or is involved in any way of a crime, the local media is going to broadcast the story whether or not the criminal is Caucasian like me or any other race/ethnicity. When I watch the local news as I do most days, I see the broadcasters representing different races and ethnicities as well. This is also much the same as my hometown City Council which is made up of Caucasians and one Hispanic member and representatives of the news media in the cities of Omaha, Nebraska; Sioux City, Iowa; and Des Monies, Iowa are all much the same with various races/ethnicities represented. In my larger community of the United States I see the demographics of the governmental agencies and news media much more broadly representing the many races that make up our nation. I do feel very strongly that all minority groups throughout my community are represented in some way or another. There are a lot of activist group activities and mission statements that have successfully been completed and a lot, if not all, have been continuing to proceed over the years. Block parties for example, is a personal favorite on encouraging neighbors to interact and be comfortable regardless if another person in the community or neighborhood is a different race. I knew my neighbors in Dimension, Iowa, quite well and sharing food and fun is one way to bridge cultural gaps as we did with our Hispanic neighbors. Another personal favorite of mine is Joining the program called Henderson Shines. I could resolve some and if not all inequalities within my community by taking part and encouraging others to participate in Henderson Shines. The 2013 Henderson Shines program allowed over 600 people to drop off unwanted items that could contaminate our environment if left to rot, things that could be recycled, or Just get rid of what would be an eye-sore in the community. This information is also from the Henderson website at icosahedrons. Mom: â€Å"The Our Henderson Sustainability Program encompasses a variety of efforts to conserve energy and water, promote cycling, enhance the built environment, reduce air pollution, and increase transportation options. In all of these efforts, the City of Henderson is working together with our residents and businesses to ensure a high quality of life in our community. Our Henderson. Our home. My responsibility. † I think this is a great motto to live by in any community. This encourages us to take a personal stake in our surroundings and helps to create collaboration with neighbors. I would be able to help resolve any differences in my community by bringing everyone together to help in the Neighborhood Cleanup Program too. I think that this would help other members see that we are not all that different from each other. I can show everyone that no matter what race someone is, we all have trash that needs taken out, we all need to eat, and we all need to give back to our community. This could be an opportunity for myself and people within my community to see past the skin color and see that there are things in common between numerous cultures. (A Place to Call Home, 2013) When I was a student at Dimension Middle School we had a Spring Clean Up each year in which all 350 students were split up into groups to go out into the his project I do feel that it helped build a sense of civic responsibility and community service to build pride in my surroundings as it did for most of my fellow students and friends. The month before I moved to Nevada I was part of a church event called Love Dimension that did much of the same things as Spring Clean Up except we also had groups visit nursing homes and decorate doors, groups passed out business appreciation bags of snacks to business owners along Highway 30, and painted all the structures at the baseball fields for youth programs. These opportunities in my past have helped me become a much stronger volunteer and immunity activist. Most recently I was part of the Life is Beautiful festival near Fremont Street in Alas Vegas which is part of the Downtown Renovation. I got to work alongside other volunteers to complete a mural that represents the cultural differences coming together for a common goal. I enjoy seeing that mural and I hope it gives everyone a sense of pride in that area as well. I want members of my community to grasp the idea that two or more people are always going to be stronger and more efficient than one person who refuses to see past another member’s skin color. One of the main concepts in our text that relate to race is Chapter One: Exploring Race and Ethnicity. In this chapter I learned about unequal treatment towards minority groups. Also stated in Chapter One is â€Å"Minority women are more likely to be poor. † (Schaefer, 2010) I am Caucasian and I am not the wealthiest in my community. I believe that I can get whatever I set my mind too and so can everyone else regardless of race, ethnicity, or cultural beliefs. If one person could start a small neighborhood activity to bring everyone together and then if another would do the same thing inside the same neighborhood as the first, slowly the entire community would come together. How to cite Race and My Community, Papers

Human Resources Management Organisation †Free Solution By Experts

Questions: 1. What legal issues does Gemma need to take into account in designing a redundancy process? Is Alan's suggestion of targeting people closer to retirement age a feasible approach? 2. How should Gemma configure the HRIMS to provide useful data about the company's workforce? What sorts of workforce data reports should the system generate? 3. What kind of HR planning process would be appropriate at this point in the company's development? Would a qualitative or quantitative approach be more effective? Why? 4. What would be the advantages and disadvantages of the company devolving or outsourcing operational and administrative HR functions? What should Gemma recommend and why? Answers: 1. Introduction This business report takes into consideration business acquisition as well as companys plan for the year to come. Gemma, the HR manager of Wordsmith acquired Mainly Books which has 18 stores all across the globe. It was seen that, Mainly books struggled to have a competitive edge amongst the various major players and has inquired losses for the past three years. The acquisition of Mainly Books was considered to be as a strategically fit and become one of the leading book sellers worldwide. Once the acquisition was done, various HR issues such as overstaffing, inappropriate balance between full time part time workers, no separate HR functions are seen at Mainly Books, important employment issues are taken care by the store managers, payroll and recruitments functions are referred to as additional functions, no information management system makes it difficult for the employees to track the performance of the same. Body Some of the legal issues which shall be kept in mind by Gemma while designing the redundancy process have been listed in this section of the business report. Redundancy refers to the process of not using the duties of a particular employee in the organization. Once the position becomes redundant, the employee would either be referred to as retrenched (loses its job not offered another) or redeployed (provided another job). Some of the legal issues which shall be kept in mind by Gemma while designing the redundancy process have been referred as follows: Consider various options plan ahead: The first thing to be kept in mind while considering some positions to make redundant are the skills that are least required what is required in the future to come. Redundancy is done for genuine reasons the employer shall cat reasonable while doing the same (Ehrenberg, MacSherry, Sa nchez Sayej, 2010). Use a fair selection criterion: The second legal issue which shall be kept in mind is the use of fair selection criteria. This means that, all the staff members should be kept updated so as to maintain trust respect by using proper communication methods. It is a very important task to communicate between the employees as well as engage them in day to day chores in the organization (Karlsen, 2009). Proper communication feedback refers to the key of successful working environment. Consultation with the staff union members: The third legal issue which shall be kept in mind by Gemma is to hold consultation with the staff union members. This is made compulsory under the Fair Work Act 2009, that if there are more than 15 staff members to be redundant meetings shall be held a draft shall be prepared for the same. Choose between voluntary compulsory redundancies: In various organizations, the employers are required to choose between voluntary compulsory redundancies i.e. either people volunteer or the employer chooses whom to retrench (Shivarudrappa, Ramachandra Gopalakrishna, 2010). Prepare the redundant materials: The last legal issue which shall be taken into consideration is to prepare a checklist of redundancy. The employers shall keep in mind that, farewell shall be granted to the employees with respect. Some of the legal requirements which shall be kept in mind by the employers are: Provide a minimum notice period to the redundant employees. It is a legal requirement for the employers to grant notice period unless until the employer provide payment in lieu to the notice. If the employers do not provide a minimum notice period or insufficient notice period, then it would be regarded as breach of contract or agreement or a workplace agreement. Checklist for redundancy package: Some of the things which shall be taken into consideration while making an employee redundant have been listed as follows: Employment Separation Certificate stating that, the employment is ended the reason for the same Entitlements to be calculated till the last day listing on what basis the calculations have been done An accurate statement of service Followed by a farewell event Final pay to the employees: On the last of the employment, the employees would be entitled for its final pay. These will include the following i.e.: Outstanding wages Accrued annual leave entitlements Redundancy pay entitlements Tax rules: There are some special tax rules in regards to certain payments at the time of redundancy. One should confirm with the tax officer regarding the eligible termination payments so as to clear all the dues for the employee. Business in Transition Support (BiTS): The Business in Transition Support (BiTS) refers to a program which is designed for businesses that face redundancy retrenchment. Alans suggestion for targeting people closer to retirement age is not a feasible option. If Alan targets the people who are closer to their retirement age, it will be highly disgraceful. Instead of retrenching them the following measures shall be taken into consideration so as to avoid redundancy. They are as under: Reduction in overtime Allowing the senior citizens to take their long service leave Allowing the senior citizens to take their accrued leaves Reduction in the working hours on board leading to reduction in the pay Stand downs Reduction in the pay Instead of targeting removing the senior citizens, Alan shall practice phased retirement. In this type of redundancy, people who are getting closer to retirement shall be asked to reduce their working hours in progressive stages. This means that, with time the employees phase out into permanent retirement (Wilkinson Kannan, 2013). For instance, the employee shall reduce its working days from 5-4 per week then after a year to 3 weeks and so on. With the number of working days getting reduced, the working hours shall also be reduced. Along with flexible working hours, work from home can also be one of the options to retain the employee as well as practice redundancy in future.| Ways in which Gemma shall configure the HRIMS to provide useful data about the companys workforce have been discussed as follows: 2. Gemma should configure the HRIMS to provide useful data about companys workforce. HRMS configuration with workbench shall be practiced by Gemma to provide useful data about the companys workforce. Some of the added features with HRM configuration are: Support the documents Link directly to online training Track or configure the related activities Link to the latest release via The Oracle Support System With the HRIMS, each business organization will be able to reflect the data, policies processes. With the help of Oracle HRMS, seven functional areas are taken into consideration such as: Payroll process management HR information system Talent management Compensation management Payroll processing Time management While starting with the configuration process, the first step is to decide as to what type of organization it is, based on the type of organization, the configuration model shall be selected. The models are as follows: Single operating company in one country Single operating company in multiple country Multiple operating company in one country Multiple operating company in multiple country The models mentioned above will help the organization to meet the management as well as reporting requirements. By configuring with workbench, jobs can be defined in a well- organized manner. While defining the jobs, a detailed capability of the position can be done so as to represent the primary working roles of the positions. A unique structure shall be defined to the person in the post as well as the specific department it belongs to (Sekhri, 2010). Once the work has been defined, a proper structure for managing the payroll, compensation, benefits, etc shall be done. On the workbench home page, plan design of Oracle HRIMS Compensation and Benefits guide is to be created, salary grade related pay shall be planned so as to maintain the grade structure. Once the organization defines a framework using a configuration Workbench, the organization can start with the proper management of payroll, compensation benefits, etc. Once the details regarding the payroll is managed via configurat ion workbench the full employee details, existing benefits enrollments, etc can be loaded. The workforce data reports should the system generate have been defined as under. They are as follows: HRIMS Administration HRIMS Training Management HRIMS Recruitment HRIMS Compensation Benefits HRIMS Workforce Budgeting HRIMS Workforce development performance HRIMS Workforce Costing HRIMS Workforce Utilization HRIMS Workforce Separation HRIMS Workforce Productivity HRIMS HR Reports3. The HR planning process: The HR planning process which would be appropriate at this point in the companys development has been described in the following three stages i.e.: First Stage: In the first stage of HR planning process, an effective ground work takes place. In this stage, the organization recognizes the HR department as a business partner as well as provides various avenues to act in a proactive manner. In this step, the HRM strategic steps are identified so as to formulate a business strategy. The business strategies might be the generic ones such as cost reduction, innovation enhancement of the quality, employee satisfaction, and lack of motivation (Reichel Lazarova, 2013). Second Stage: The second step takes into consideration the various steps in the implementation of the HRM systems. The various HRM systems shall be taken into consideration such as training development of the employees, performance management, conflict management, compensation, etc. Third Stage: The final stage of the HR planning stage at wordsmith shall cater to the effectiveness of the HRM systems. The alignment of the various HRM systems with the business strategy shall contribute to the HRM systems in achieving the various HRM strategic objectives. It has been seen that, evaluation of the HRM systems is referred to as one of the most difficult tasks as most of the organizations are unaware i.e. what do they want, what are their expectations, efficiency of the HR processes, employee productivity, improved performance of the employees, etc (Quartey, 2013). Is qualitative or quantitative approach more effective? In HR planning process, both qualitative quantitative approaches are effective to track the various day to day activities. Quantitative data are based upon the various statistics qualitative takes into consideration the casual observations. With the help of both qualitative quantitative approaches one can easily identify the various issues which impact the organization in a negative manner. Businesses use various quantitative data to gather information which would help to track the productivity of the same, such type of data can be utilized to rank the employees as well as provide ranks to the employees promote the same. The quantitative data can also be used by the organizations to terminate the poorly performing workers. On the other hand, qualitative data refers to the observations done by the people working in the organization. Qualitative data such as recording ones behavior, work habits, how a particular worker tackles the various obstacles to perform effectively. In most o f the cases, both the quantitative qualitative reports might be contradictory (McLaughlin Mott, 2010). Therefore, both the reports shall be taken into consideration to come to a valid conclusion. There are cases where in based upon one of the reports, the individual is a hardworking worker whereas based on the other report the character of the employee is ruined. Hence, both the reports shall be studied carefully to make the HR decisions. 4. Advantages dis-advantages for developing or outsourcing operational and administrative HR function: In any organization, the Human Resource department is required to perform a variety of functions. The main functions performed at the HR department are payroll decisions, tax filiation, employee benefits medical benefits. In organizations which are in their first stage of development are unable to perform certain comprehensive tasks. Hence, in the initial stages of development HR department tends to outsource certain functions. The advantages dis-advantages of the company developing or outsourcing operational and administrative HR functions have been listed in this section of the report. They are as follows: Advantages: Cost savings: The first foremost reason for any organization just like wordsmith outsourcing the HR department is due to the cost factor associated with the same. Outsourcing helps the HR department to reduce its costs by creating a nonrevenue back office expenses. A fully functional HR department requires an office space highly trained officials. In the initial stages of development, small businesses find it feasible to outsource the HR function rather than use a large space of the office to create a new department (Glaister, 2013). Development of the employee: Outsourcing the HR functions will help wordsmith in the development of the employee at large. The outsourced HR officials ensure that, the employees comply with the plans policies lay down by the firm. The outsourcing firm monitors the performance of the employees periodically so as to see check their capability. Risk management: Outsourcing some of the human resource activities help to minimize the risk at wordsmith. It has been seen that, employment labor laws change regularly hence; it is quite a difficult task for the employees to stay abreast with the same. Outsourcing firms hire various HR personnel who stay abreast on various state federal laws (Davis, 2012). Efficiency: In order to maintain an effective efficient workforce a productive workplace is critical. With the help of an advanced HR technology, outsourcing employees streamline the various HR functions such as payroll, employee benefits, performance management. With the help of an outsourcing team, it spends less time paper work and more time in improving the effectiveness of the employers (Bell, 2012). Focus: Majority of the companies outsource their HR departments so as to get rid of the various distractions and concentrate on the core competencies itself. It is referred to as one of the most profitable options for start-up firms. With the help of outsourcing, the owners of the organization will not be concerned about certain time consuming tasks such as maintaining payrolls rather he or she can concentrate of marketing or sales activities. Dis-advantages: Poor performance: It has been seen that, most of the companies outsource their HR department to reduce costs. But, in order to reduce the cost the decreased quality of performance is provided by the outsourced party. The HR department takes into consideration the day to day activities any poor performance by the outsourced party might lead to a negative impact for the organization as a whole (Brown, 2010). Recruitment problems: In most of the cases, the outsourced party is unaware regarding the culture of the organization and the need of the same. Therefore, while recruiting the employees due to lack of understanding a wrong or an inappropriate candidate might be recruited which does not match the requirement of the organization. The success of the organization totally relies upon the performance of the employees, if the employees are not capable enough they will affect the overall culture of the organization. Loss of control: After outsourcing to a provider, executives might give too much control to the companys HR functions. Too dependency loss of control might create problems for the organization if outsourcing is no longer available with the company (Ben-Hur, 2013). Information leaks: Outsourcing the HR departments function might lead to leakage of certain sensitive information of the organization. For any outsourced company to work in favor of the organization, some sensitive information is to be provided such as structure of the company, information of the product or service, etc (Baker, 2013).3. Recommendations: Some of the recommendations for Gemma have been listed in this section of the report. They are as follows: Gemma shall prepare a separate HR function which will take into consideration various aspects such as Payroll, managing performance of each employee Gemma shall opt for a Human Resource Information Management System (HRIS). This will help the HR manager to have a detailed report of each every employee Proper HR planning process shall be followed while taking the most important decisions within the organization References Baker, T. (2013).The end of the performance review. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Bell, M. (2012). Book reveiw: Equality: The New Legal Framework.Social Legal Studies, 21(1), pp.141-144. Ben-Hur, S. (2013).The Business of Corporate Learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Brown, P. (2010). The power of HR outsourcing.Strategic HR Review, 9(6), pp.27-32. Davis, D. (2012).MA integration--how to do it. Chichester, Sussex, UK: Wiley. Ehrenberg, J., MacSherry, J., Sa nchez, J. and Sayej, C. (2010).The Iraq papers. New York: Oxford University Press. Glaister, A. (2013). HR outsourcing: the impact on HR role, competency development and relationships.Human Resource Management Journal, 24(2), pp.211-226. Karlsen, E. (2009).Complementary protection for asylum seekers - overview of the international and Australian legal frameworks. [Canberra]: Parliamentary Library, Dept. of Parliamentary Services. McLaughlin, V. and Mott, C. (2010). Leadership brand equity: HR leaders' role in driving economic value.Strategic HR Review, 9(4), pp.13-19. Quartey, S. (2013). Implications of HR Outsourcing for HR Practitioners Work Behaviors: Evidence from the Mobile Telecommunication Industry in Ghana.International Business Research, 6(11). Reichel, A. and Lazarova, M. (2013). The Effects of Outsourcing and Devolvement on the Strategic Position of HR Departments.Human Resource Management, 52(6), pp.923-946. Sekhri, A. (2010).Human resource planning and audit. Mumbai [India]: Himalaya Pub. House. Shivarudrappa, D., Ramachandra, K. and Gopalakrishna, K. (2010).Human resource management. Mumbai [India]: Himalaya Pub. House. Stop bullying at work: strategies and tools for HR and legal professionals. (2010).Choice Reviews Online, 47(10), pp.47-5747-47-5747. Wilkinson, T. and Kannan, V. (2013).Strategic Management in the 21st Century [3 volumes]. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO.

Euthenasia In Australia Essays - Euthanasia, Medical Ethics

Euthenasia In Australia Euthenasia In Australia Euthanasia Sometimes, life can deteriorate to the point where a person loses their dignity and self-respect, and are unable to communicate; life like this is longer worth living, as the most enjoyable of things are no-longer enjoyable. Euthanasia could, in my opinion, be practiced when a person reaches this point, and then only passively. If the person in question is able to communicate rationally, then their opinion must be asked first. Assisted death, other than passively should most definitely remain illegal, and in the Northern Territory, it should be made illegal. The nation of Australia must be uniformed, or else people simply go to another state, where the law different. People should live their lives for as long as it is worth living, as defined above. Some people wish to use euthanasia to die when they are diagnosed with a terminal illness, and given a certain amount of time to live. These people still have those six months, or whatever. If they can, they should enjoy that time, doing all the things they like to do. If they wanted, they could go out and spend all their savings, or retirement money on things that ?I always wanted to get one?, or make themselves feel good by donating to charities. They should not look at the amount of time they don't have, but instead, at the time they have left. And besides, we all know we are going to die, these people are no different, except they know exactly how much time is left. It has been said that trials and pain make us stronger. Even if someone is in pain, that pain could make them mentally stronger than if they give up and take the easy way out. Life is full of pain, and joy, everyone goes through both t hings in their lives, because that is what life is. Some say that doctor-aided death is widespread already, only covertly, and that the Netherlands is a model of how to establish the right to die by bringing the practice out in the open, where the medical and legal system can oversee it. This issue is similar to how abortion was seen before it was legalized. The main reason for legalization of abortion was because it was being done anyway. People had access to abortion, it was just being done terribly. We're in exactly the same situation today: People have access to assisted suicide; it's just being done so badly. Just because something is done, that doesn't mean that it should be legal. Many things that are illegal are done anyway. Look at drugs, underage drinking, drunk driving, and speeding; these things are all illegal and are frequently practiced. Should these or other things be legalized just because they are done anyway? This excuse is not a valid reason for legalizing anything. Even if euthanasia were to be legalized, where would it end? Somehow I doubt that the terminally ill would be the only users. The world looks to the Netherlands as the only working model for assisted death. It is a nation known for its open approach to abortion, prostitution and drug use. In fact, ?caf?s? in the Netherlands are licensed to sell hash, and marijuana - 15 grams for $25. Hookers stand on the streets and know that they are safe from the police, and just about anything goes when it comes to advertising. This countries ?right to die? policy is what many activists look towards as an example of a working system, but they fail to take into account the other decisions (that are questionable at the very least) which have been devised by the same system - a failing one. Sometimes change is needed to the laws in society. Sometimes things need to be changed for the benefit of society. Other things, however, must never be changed because it is simply wrong. It will always be wrong to steal, it will always be wrong to cheat, and it will always be wrong to kill. Bibliography Henry, Sarah. The Battle Over Assisted Suicide: A Time to Die O'Keefe, Mark. Doctor Assisted Suicide: Dutch Death Shavelson, Lonny. ?A Chosen Death; The Dying Confront Assisted Suicide? Social Issues Essays

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Strategies And Evaluation Of Nissan Management Essay In 1999 Nissan had been facing great losses for seven of the past eight years which were now resulting in debts. This was mainly caused by the Japanese business custom of keiretsu investments which left little capital for other investments, like innovations in product designs. This lack of design innovation furthermore caused the Nissan brand to weaken as competitors were producing vehicles more stylish and up to date, reflecting customer demands. To foster a turnaround the Nissan president and CEO Yoshikazu Hanawa formed a mutual beneficial strategic alliance (Global Alliance Agreement) with Renault, allowing both companies to expand in new desirable geographic areas. With his experience in turnarounds Carlos Ghosn seemed to be the obvious choice to lead the Nissan turnaround from both the Renault and Nissan point of view. Evaluation The approach was an overall success in meeting the specific and measurable goal of turning the losses into profits not only on time but 6 month prior to the deadline. The Nissan Revival Plan was achieved one year ahead of schedule and succeeded in reducing their purchasing costs by 20 % which meant that they approximately reached the level of Renault. The large emphasis Ghosn placed on the execution also gave him an edge as this phase is much more demanding in terms of communication, meeting objectives on time and budget, potential conflicts with power resources and resistance to change. The respect Ghosn showed for the Japanese culture was vital for the initiatives to succeed, even though I believe it was a mistake for him not to learn about Japan before coming there as it is very easy unintended to insult people from other cultures if you are not familiar with their specific customs, but it also gave him an edge in being open-minded in perceiving the Japanese and Nissan culture. Coming to Japan he only brought three principles of management with him were to be well received and understood by employees: transparency, execution vs. strategy; improving quality and customer satisfaction and reducing costs. Not just anybody could have managed the Nissan turnaround as well as Ghosn did. For instance, A COO from Japan would not have been able to cut back on keiretsu investments. Because of the Japanese business culture to make these kinds of investments and the Japanese emphasis on cooperation and loyalty, it would have been considered to be a sort of betrayal and ultimately would 3 have harmed the Nissan brand even more. Only an outsider with different cultural background could legitimize such a change. The resistance Ghosn eventually faced when ignoring the almost sacred tradition of promoting by education, age and time within the company would likewise have been much more pronounced if the initiative came from a Japanese COO. Resistance to change Ultimately some sort of resistance was inevitable because of the major structural and cultural changes Nissan was facing with Ghosn as COO. People generally do not resist change, per se. but some underlying causes, like lack of understanding, fear of the unknown or fear of an outcome worse than the present situation.1 In this specific case Ghosn went a long way implementing many changes before meeting actual resistance in form of lack of cooperation among employees caused by the elimination of the old promotion system, allowing younger, less experienced employees to be promoted based on their skills and achievements. This resistance was clearly caused by fear of the unknown and fear of loosing/not gaining status by promotions. Resistance is generally a very important form of feedback and Ghosn chose to view the resistance as an opportunity for experience rather than a limitation.2 1 Dent, E. B. and Goldberg, S. G. (1999). Page 26 2 Ford, J. D. and Ford, L. W. (2009). Page 101 3 Nohria, N., Joyce, W. and Roberson, B.(2003). Page 45 4 Ford, J. D. and Ford, L. W. (2009). Page 100 Ghosn has overcome the actual resistance and prevented potential resistance to the cultural and structural changes in large by clearly communicating all initiatives and objectives to all Nissan employees. Communication had previously been a problem within the company but by creating a matrix structure (combining efficiency and effectiveness) and through consistency between his own actions, thoughts and communication Ghosn was making sure that transparency as well as communication within the organization was improved and afterwards maintained, keeping focus on the strategy.3 Likewise by creating the Cross-Functional Teams, he sought to build engagement and participation and made sure that the employees would have a sense of ownership over the Nissan Revival Plan and motivate communication across departments, stimulate future risk-taking and responsibility as well as regaining confidence in the companys future. Mitigating resistance by involvement and communication are generally very e ffective and will increase employee commitment to execution.4 4 The former lack of accountability and acceptance of responsibility among employees was eliminated by directly assigning responsibility and accountability and encourage people to take risks. This was accomplished in part by monetary rewards and stock options whenever the actions led to increase in operating profits or revenues.5 The previous consensus mentality at Nissan seems to have been: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢If everyone one is responsible then no one is accountable, and nobody gets punished,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬- which was affecting risk-taking and slowing decision-making processes across the company. 5 Fu, Dean and Millikin, john P. page C553 Organizational culture As mentioned above, the understanding and respect Ghosn expressed for the Japanese Nissan culture and the fact that he communicated his wish to work through this culture were vital for his acceptance within the organization. He made it clear from the very beginning that he too had a personal stake in the outcome and thereby created a sense of cohesion with the employees. His visibility in the organization from day one and the consistency between his communications and actions was a new but welcome change that made him human in the eyes of the employees. This transparency and consistency together with his explicit promise to respect the culture also helped building a sense trust and thereby employee support for most of Ghosns change initiatives. The Nissan president and CEO, Yoshikazu Hanawa, had a positive attitude towards Ghosn and his experience and abilities in turnarounds, since he explicitly asked Renault to send Ghosn to Nissan to lead the changes. But because Ghosn was a foreigner and not accustomed to the Japanese way of doing business, several industrial business analytics expressed scepticism and concern for this arrangement. It is likely that middle-managers and higher-level-managers have been influenced by these critics and therefore had a negative attitude towards Ghosn as COO, but if they did, they did not make much fuss about it. 5 National culture When you consider the differences between Ghosns leadership style and the Japanese (Nissan) way of doing business, it is actually a bit of an achievement that resistance did not arise earlier and more pronounced than it did. The cultural differences between Ghosn, with his experience in working in organizations with strong corporate cultures, and the Nissan organization, with its weak culture traits, were very pronounced and had great potential to cause some trouble along the way, but it takes two to tango, and one of them has to lead. The initiative of putting together Cross-Functional Teams had great potential for meeting resistance in part because of the Japanese tradition of reaching consensus when making decisions. In addition, if every member of a Cross-Functional Team had to make sure, that their respective departments were supporting every suggestion, then the decision-making process would not only have been slowed severely but would have staled. It is also very likely that the employees at Nissan would have resisted the Cross-Functional Team initiatives because of the Japanese culture of loyalty and cooperation within departments but not necessarily across departments (especially not in troubled times) caused by the weak organizational culture. Early on Ghosn became aware that in order to turn Nissan around, he would have to address some of these cultural issues in order to get to root of the problems and meet the overall goal of creating profits. First and foremost, he would have to communicate and make understood the importance of meeting customer wants and needs (included a radical change in the decision-making processe).6 The management would have to create a shared vision (or long-term plan as opposed to their usual sort-term). Management at Nissan was displaying tunnel vision and was focusing on regaining market share instead of increasing margins and product innovation to meet customer demands.7 The emphasis placed on informal contacts and information, complicated knowledge sharing across the organization, as nothing was written or formally communicated, which also slowed decision-making processes. He would have to overcome these cultural obstacles (underlying problems) before addressing the real problems at Nissan. 6 Nohria, N., Joyce, W. and Roberson, B.(2003). Page 46-47 7 Fu, Dean and Millikin, john P. page C549 6 Luck and timing The timing for these changes was absolutely perfect. Had Ghosn and his Cross-Functional Teams tried to implement the same changes a few years earlier, they would most likely have met great resistance and possible failure. But because of the resent bankruptcy of the major financial house, Yamaichi, and the lack of bailout by the Japanese government, the employees at Nissan began to take their situation seriously and this imposed a sense of urgency among the employees. This sense of urgency helped push changes by making the employees more willing to cooperate and implement the proposed changes as well as taking more risks in order to turn the company around. This willingness for taking risks decreased the previous fear of making decisions (especially faulty decisions) which decreased the need for consensus decision-making , which again increased the speed with which decisions was able to be made. This further fostered motivation for innovative proposals for the product line, which had a positive effect on the Nissan competiveness and on consumer satisfaction. In short, the bankruptcy of Yamaichi was a stroke of luck at the exact right time to help kick-start the major changes at Nissan, especially in the minds of the employees. Looking forward In the next few years (2005) Ghosn will have to return to Renault to take over as CEO (his lifelong dream). The right replacement for his job must ensure continuous growth and success, keeping focus on customer needs and increases in profit as well as to nurture the newly accomplished sense of urgency to keep driving employees towards continuous improvements (Nissan 180). A successor should, besides the above mentioned, be able to create a balance between long-term and short-term objectives to ensure that employees do not fall back into old habits.8 Constantly setting short-term objectives, aligning them with long-term objectives will enhance motivation among Nissan employees as they will see their effort and hard work paying of. 8 Griswold, H. M. and Prenovitz, S. C.(1993). Page 5 9 Krackhardt, D. and Hanson, J. R.(1993). I would recommend Ghosn to use the network analysis9 as a tool for helping him making the best possible decision, ensuring that the person he will choose is trustworthy among employees, accountable and responsible, has influential power. The friendship network is always a good place to start, but he should be sure to mad both the communication network and advice network as well. Perhaps there will be an obvious overlap between the three. 7 Conclusion The Nissan turnaround was a great success in that it met measurable objectives and accomplished to overall strategic goal of increasing profits within the schedule. By approaching the Japanese and corporate Nissan culture with an open mind, Ghosn was able to gain the employees trust. His approach to the cultural differences combined with a great stroke of luck, turned the challenge into and opportunity and he was thereby able to meet the overall goal. In facing the fundamental problems within the organization; lack of clear profit orientation, insufficient focus on customers and too much on competitors, lack of a sense of urgency, no shared vision or common long-term plan, lack of cross-functional, cross-border, cross-cultural lines of work, he had to bend the rules of engagement by changing large parts of the Nissan culture. More specifically, based on the recommendations from the Cross-Functional Teams, he implemented some rather radical changes on the Japanese traditions of doing business, in order to help Nissan get back on track. Even though he was hereby violating his prior commitment to be sensitive to the Nissan culture, he did not experience serious resistance in doing so, because it was ultimately Nissan employees suggesting these changes, he was just executing them. In choosing his Successor Ghosn should map the informal networks within the organization, emphasising on trust, accountability and power to create change. 8 List of literature  · Dent, E. B. and Goldberg, S. G. (1999). Challenging resistance to change. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 35(1), 25-41.  · Ford, J. D. and Ford, L. W. (2009). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Decoding resistance to change.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬- Harvard Business Review, 87(4), 99-103.  · Fu, Dean and Millikin, john P. (2003) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢The Global Leadership of Carlos Ghosn at Nissan,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬- Thunderbird The American Graduate School of International Management, C546 C556  · Griswold, H. M. and Prenovitz, S. C.(1993).à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢How to translate strategy into operational results.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬- Business Forum, 18(3), 5-9.  · Krackhardt, D. and Hanson, J. R.(1993).à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Informal networks: the company behind the chart.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬- Harvard Business Review, July/August, 104-111.  · Nohria, N., Joyce, W. and Roberson, B.(2003).à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢What really works.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬- Harvard Business Review, 81(7), 42-52.

Exiles :: essays papers

Exiles Exiles Response In the essay "Exiles," Carolyn Steedman uses different voices throughout the story. Steedman uses her mom, dad, and grandma's voice to speak her essay to the reader. She does this by either using someone else's memories of the instant by referring to what their mom did, told by the father or grandmother. She also uses memories or voices that her mom or dad said. An example of this would be the telling of Steedman mom's story, which was told by her father at the time "in bits and pieces throughout the fifties". Her father says about Steedman's mother, "Your mother drank gin once," contradicting what Steedman heard when she was young from her mom that "she didn't go out dancing or drinking." Showing that this secret was revealed "years later, with nostalgic regret by her father". Knowing that her mom, at the time, she remembers, was a good mother and later in life to be lied to and deceived for her own good. The author uses voices in the essay while remembering what her mom and dad we re saying to her about memories of each other. So in other words, the author remembers what her parents said to her about each other and includes their voices in the essay. She also includes what she remembers exactly from her parents. "If it wasn't for you two, my mother told us, I could be off somewhere else". The quote obviously shows that this is what she remembers her mom saying. The author puts voices in the essay by using memories of her past. Steedman uses voices in her essay so that the reader can get a background and see perceptions or feelings. "She was a good weaver; six looms under her by the time she was sixteen". This paragraph of a story was told about her great-grandmother and as an eleven-year-old and how she was exploited. The author uses this as a voice because it tells how her mother also used her hands at her jobs. The author also shows where she received her traits in house cleaning from her mom. The author feels that "I sometimes find myself thinking that if worst comes to the worst, I can always earn a living with my hands". "If you want something, you have to go out and work for it. Nobody gives you anything; nothing comes free in this world".

My Terror

My ambition of life Introduction:- NO one in this world is without dreams in life. Everyone has is own dream in Fife. Many have an aspiration to be a rich one or to become business tycoon. Some person have a dream of becoming leader,application & social reformers. Their are others who has a crazy for becoming poets,writers & novelists. While most of us generally have a desire of becoming engineers,doctors,scientist of a great repute. But some have a opinion to be commissioned officers in the Armed forces.There are fewer & fewer people who are happy-go–lucky†by nature & have no clear cut aim in their life Importance:-AS for myself, I don ‘t have very ambitious aims in my life. ‘ don ‘t wish to became a mill owner or a multi-millionaire. The soul object of my life is to lead a life of simplicity ; oddness devoted to the service of humanity. The life of a professional leader ; a plantation leader does not interest me because most of such persons are grown parasites in the society. Our society also dislike ARISTOTLE said â€Å"THESE applications are Just like â€Å"demagogues† mean a cruel & black bird like vultures have preying eyes.Different aims:- I born of middle class parent's. From the very begging I have been passing through the struggles of life . 1 have cut throat competition in most of the profession . Let's consequences have been far reaching. People demoralized. Examples are not wanting when we can find every engineers excepting very big bribes,lawyers saving guilty persons or murderers & doctors are demanding money from patients at crucial stages of surgical operations Choice of profession:- Then what do I want to be?Indeed,from the core of my heart,' wish to become a teacher. The motto of this life s simple living & high thinking,which inspire me to take up this profession. The noble ideals of the teacher in the ancient time or before me. As I am fully aware of difficulties & hardship off teacher life. ‘ kn ow that a teachers are on the bleating graph of poverty in the past,But I now if he is not a wealthy person then he is not depicted to anyone . Elf he has not luxurious life then on the other he can easily can meet out the basic needs of life.A teacher is always busy in correcting answer book or exercise books of students but along with this as a result of continuous research n education, the role of the teacher is only of a supervisor & a facilitator in the innovation methodologies & strategies. Len short there are no stirring event in his life. Teacher is a bank of respect & prestige in every nook & corner of the street in the shape of student. ‘spite of these hardships,' don ‘t have any aim but only to become a teacher. ‘ have my own reasons & considerations for this choice. From my childhood,' have developed of a love for young children's .To me, they are delicate & beautiful like the petal of a flower. Feel that as a teacher, I can help the students in widenin g their outlook by giving them a treasury of knowledge . 1 will have the satisfaction of doing valuable service to country by producing egoistic citizens. Moreover,the company of the young children's can even help me in remaining young & fresh I thought & out-look. Conclusion:-Besides doing all these important services I will also have the mean of consistency. ‘ have a great faith in life of noble & ideal teacher,because teachers are the custodians off highest value Essay on Terror By machineries

Covering the Police Beat in Journalism

Covering the Police Beat in Journalism The police beat can be one of the most challenging and rewarding in  journalism. Police reporters get to cover some of the biggest breaking news stories out there, ones that land at the top of the front page, website  or newscast. But it isnt easy. Covering the crime beat is demanding and often stressful, and as a reporter, it takes time, patience and skill to get the cops to trust you enough to give you information. So here are some steps you can follow for producing solid police stories. Know The Sunshine Laws Before you visit your  local police precinct in search of a good story, familiarize yourself with the sunshine laws in your state. This will give you a good sense of what kind of information the police are required to provide. Generally, any time an adult is arrested in the U.S., the paperwork associated with that arrest should be a matter of public record, meaning you should be able to access it. (Juvenile records are usually not available.) An exception might be a case involving national security. But Sunshine Laws vary from state to state, which is why its good to know the specifics for your area. Visit Your Local Precinct House You may see police activity out on the streets in your town, but as a beginner, its probably not a good idea to try to get information from cops at the scene of a crime. And a phone call may not get you much either. Instead, visit your local police station or precinct house. Youre likely to get better results from a face-to-face encounter. Be Polite, Respectful - But Persistent Theres a stereotype of the hard-driving reporter youve probably seen in a movie somewhere. He barges into the courthouse, DAs office or corporate boardroom and starts banging his fist on the table, shouting, I need this story and I need it now! Out of my way. That approach may work in some situations (though probably not many), but it definitely wont get you far with the police. For one thing, theyre generally bigger than we are. And they carry guns. Youre not likely to intimidate them. So when you first visit your local police precinct to get a story, be polite and courteous. Treat the cops with respect and chances are theyll return the favor. But at the same time, dont be intimidated. If you sense a police officer is giving you the runaround instead of real information, press your case. If that doesnt work, ask to speak to his or her superior, and see if theyre more helpful. Ask To See the Arrest Log If you dont have a specific crime or incident in mind that you want to write about, ask to see the arrest log. The arrest log is just what it sounds like - a log of all the arrests police make, usually organized in 12- or 24-hour cycles. Scan the log and find something that looks interesting. Get the Arrest Report Once youve picked out something from the arrest log, ask to see the arrest report. Again, the name says it all - the arrest report is the paperwork the cops fill out when they make an arrest. Getting a copy of the arrest report will save both you and the police a lot of time because much of the information you need for your story will be on that report. Get Quotes Arrest reports are very helpful, but live quotes can make or break a good crime story. Interview a police officer or detective about the crime youre covering. If possible, interview the cops directly involved with the case, those who were on the scene when the arrest was made. Their quotes are likely to be much more interesting than those from a desk sergeant. Double-Check Your Facts Accuracy is critical in crime reporting. Getting the facts wrong in a crime story can have dire consequences. Double-check the circumstances of the arrest; details about the suspect; the nature of the charges he faces; the name and rank of the officer you interviewed, and so on. Get Out of the Police Precinct So youve got the basics of your story from arrest reports and interview with the cops. Thats great, but in the end, crime reporting isnt just about law enforcement, its about how your community is being affected by crime. So always be on the lookout for opportunities to humanize your police stories by interviewing the average folks who are affected. Has an apartment complex been hit by a wave of burglaries? Interview some tenants there. Has a local store been robbed numerous times? Talk to the owner. Are local schoolkids being confronted by drug dealers on their way to school? Talk to parents, school administrators and others. And remember, as the sergeant in TVs Hill Street Blues said, be careful out there. As a police reporter, its your job to write about crime, not get caught in the middle of it.

The Role of the Professional Code of Ethics in Addressing Security Threats

The Role of the Professional Code of Ethics in Addressing Security Threats Historically, many professional associations have viewed ethical codes as mechanisms used to establish their status professionally. This gives a way of regulating their membership in order to convince the world that they deserve to be as self regulating as possible (Aupperle 2005, p. 1057).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of the Professional Code of Ethics in Addressing Security Threats specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The state of self regulation depends on ways to curb unethical behavior among members. Therefore, a code combined with ethics review board emerged as the solution. This code of ethics has helped in listing possible violations and has also executed threats and sanctions to such violations. The need to execute the ethical review board has not been an easy task at all for ACM. However, they later came to realize that the act of self regulation depends or can work only if there is a consensus and crucial commitment of its members. Recently, the most crucial rationale for ethical code has been the enactment of a set of commitments of the association members. In some instances, those enactments are brought out as rules and regulations as well as ideas. However, the main social function is clarification and stating the ethical requirement that are important to the organization which is acting as a professional association (Hagen, Albrechtsen Hovden 2008, p. 377) The recent codes of ethics put more emphasis on socialization and education rather than compliance enforcement. In addition, these codes can work toward collective well being of the association even if it might be a distillation of collective reflection and experience. Moreover, a code of ethics is usually the major drive for any profession bearing in mind that professionals should be accountable to the public and by so doing; it leads to great returns when public trust is fortified.Advertising Looking for essa y on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Before exploring the major security threats that can arise from irresponsible behavior among information technology employees, we ought to concur with the submission that the final and the most crucial function of ethical code is the role it plays as a guide towards decision making by an individual and hence it can be quite ideologically helpful if incorporated in every IT firm (Hagen, Albrechtsen Hovden 2008, p. 377). To begin with, it is worth to admit that human beings were not born to be perfect. This can be supported by the fact that they use brains. Every IT firm requires human beings as members of staff for its goals to be achieved and profitable results realized. However, it happens that there arise cases related to misbehavior among employees for one reason or another. Human carelessness, harm to other employees and machines, dishonesty and untrustworthy, confidentiality , unprofessionalism, improper crediting of intellectual property, disrespect of other employees, unfairness and discrimination, unreliability, software risks, unauthorized access as well as conflicting interests are among the many shortcomings that may be experienced in an IT firm ( Jin, Drozdenko Bassett 2007, p. 149) Therefore, due to the employees’ shortcomings, the Association of Computing Machinery (ACN) and the Australian Computer Society (ACS) enacted codes of ethics as part of their constitution whereby all members must adhere to at all times even as they pursue their professions. In addition, members are required to be law abiding citizens and they should also act within the given code of ethics by adhering to the set values. Some of the ACS and ACM codes of ethics, values and ideals that have been subscribed to members include standards of conduct, priorities, competence, honesty, social implications, professional developments and computing competence.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of the Professional Code of Ethics in Addressing Security Threats specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Under the main code of ethics, an employee is required to act with high levels of professionalism and integrity whenever dealing with clients, other employees, students and the community at large. By so doing, the interests of the aforementioned parties will be achieved while realizing or attaining the goals of the company (Van, Wempe Theo 2004, p. 385). These firms accept the fact that the standard of conduct are ideal and not can be achieved. It is a practical and a common occurrence for various standards to conflict against each other in various ways. There is need to apply some degree of subjectivity bearing in mind that in any given organization, cases of etjical as well as unethical behaiour will hardly miss out Hawkey Beznosov 2009, p. 4). It is also imperative to mention that vari ous cases of poor application of the given code of ethics mainly arise as a result of inadequate accountability on the part of members (Jin, Drozdenko Bassett 2007, p. 149). Finally, it is worthy to mention that according to the standard of ethics, a member is expected to distinguish between ethical and unethical practices in each particular circumstance. In any case, the application of the code of ethics should be exercised by individuals who are well versed with the rules and regulations as provided by the ethical bodies. By doing so, Intellectual properties will be credited properly (Jin, Drozdenko Bassett 2007, p. 149).Advertising Looking for essay on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These firms also share another close aspect in their codes of ethics. It is known as priorities. In other words, service should be offered to other stakeholders first before engaging in self service or interests. In other words, they are not supposed to put themselves first. Members are required to preserve and maintain continuity of computing information flow on their own (Messikomer Cirka 2010, p. 55).They are also supposed to preserve to security and integrity of every information obtained from clients. Furthermore, a member is required to advise clients or employers in case any conflict arises in course of their work. Finally, members are given priority to advise clients as well as employers whenever there are conscientious objections facing them in connection to their work. As a result of this clause, conflicting interests can be categorized as security threats among IT firms (Long Driscoll 2008, p. 173). Competence is another valuable clause that is shared among the ACS and ACM IT firms. There is also dire need for members to be quite diligent in their service delivery since it is considered to be part and parcel of the ethics. In addition, the tastes and prefarances of clients must be adhered to bearing in mind that clients who are unsatisfied may lead to poor business performance in any organization. Enacting this clause in the professional codes of ethics has helped in dealing with unprofessional security threats among IT firms (Messikomer Cirka 2010, p. 55). Moreover, it is imperative to mention that honesty is a vital tool that can be possessed by either an individual or organization. With a mission to curb the IT security shortcomings that have been existing among employers, these firms considered the virtue of honesty during the enactment of IT codes of ethics constitution. Under this clause, every member is required to maintain honesty while representing skills, knowledge, services and products to clients (Messikomer Cirka 2010, p. 55). Besid es, members are strictly warned against misrepresenting their skills and knowledge but are required to provide objective and unbiased opinion. Realistic estimates for projects are mandated under their control. The professional requirements of members should also be enhanced in order to have a vast knowledge of those who are practicing in the field. In terms of credibility, they are supposed to strictly credit other people’s IT work in order to prevent unfairness and discrimination. In order to ensure that the IT security is enhanced among employers, these firms included social implications clause in their constitution. Members are expected to strive in enhancing high quality of life to the users of their work. Moreover, employees ought to be respected at all times. This can be achieved by avoiding sentiments that may depict lack of respect or dignity. Fair treatment should be the basis of operations. Moreover, they should also offer due respect to peoples’ privacy (Lon g Driscoll 2008, p. 173). Finally, the involvement of computing profession in the ACM and ACS firms plays a major role in curbing occurrence of human errors. This helps in minimizing chances of losses resulting from errors which happened without being noticed. On a basic business note, involvement of strategies of ethics remains invaluable. One of the crucial things which should not be forgotten is putting in place monitoring mechanisms. From the above credible observations, it is definite that professional code of ethics is the major foundation upon which modern organizations in computing are ethically regulated (Long Driscoll 2008, p. 173). References Aupperle, E 2005, Information security and ethics: social and organizational issues, Choice vol. 42 no. 6, pp. 1057-1059. Hagen, J., Albrechtsen, E. Hovden, J 2008, Implementation and effectiveness of organizational information security measures, Information Management Computer Security, vol. 16 no. 4, pp. 377-397. Jin, K., Drozd enko, R. Bassett, R 2007, Information Technology Professionals Perceived Organizational Values and Managerial Ethics: An Empirical Study, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 71 no. 2, pp. 149-159. Long, B. Driscoll, C 2008, Codes of Ethics and the Pursuit of Organizational Legitimacy: Theoretical and Empirical Contributions, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 77 no. 2, pp. 173-175. Messikomer, C. Cirka, C 2010, Constructing a Code of Ethics: An Experiential Case of a National Professional Organization, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 95 no. 1, pp. 55-71. Van, J., Wempe, B. Theo, W 2004, Rethinking Organizational Ethics: A Plea for Pluralism, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 55 no. 4, pp. 385-393. Werlinger, R., Hawkey, K. Beznosov, K. 2009, An integrated view of human, organizational, and technological challenges of IT security management, Information Management Computer Security, vol. 17 no. 1, pp. 4-19.