Sociology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Sociology - Essay ExampleHumans acquire of their behavioural traits from nurture thus come a philosophy called tabula rasa or blank slate. In recent years, both nature and nurture switch been recognized to play interacting roles in emergence. These two are tied in in return in ways that many of us do not see. Both are important influences to a person as they are developing their traits. What we have inherited is essential basis of what kind of person we are, but our environment tush alter and develop us even more. In acquiring or altering traits in a person, these two factors are important. Some psychologists agree that nature and nurture are both major influences to the development of behaviour. Psychologist Robert Plomin said, . But the transmittable influence on traits and behaviors is only partial Genetics account, on average, for half of the variance of most traits. That means the environment accounts for the rest. Though we receive genes from our family, our surroundings a nd nurturing can alter that if strong enough, as an influence. We might not notice it, butnatureandnurtureare mixed in with each other, influencing traits of everyone. 2. What are the greenness themes in the ideas of Freud, Piaget, Kohlberg, Gilligan, Mead and Erickson? In what ways do their theories differ? The common theme in the idea of the Freud, Piaget, Kohlberg, Gilligan, Mead and Erickson is child development. They all believed that monastic order played a live role in the development of the person. However, they all developed variety of concepts in the psychoanalytic point of view. Sigmund Freud developed the elements of personality. He declared humans had two staple fibre needs or driveseros, a need for bonding andthanatos, which related to a drive for death. Freuds perspective combined both these basic needs and the influence of society into a unique model of personality. Freuds work highlights the internalization of companionable norms and the importance of childhood experiences in the socialization process and the development of personality. Jean Piagets theory of cognitive development centred on human cognition or how people think and understand. He identified four major stages of cognitive development sensory motor stage, post-industrial societies, concrete operational stage, and the formal operational stage. Lawrence Kohlberg developed a theory of moral development. He used Piagets theory as a facilitator for a study of moral reasoning. He suggested three stages preconventional stagebased on pain and pleasure, aconventional stage(in the teenage years), where salutary and legal injury is understood within cultural norms, and apostconventional stage, where abstract critique of the social order is possible. However, his work is gender limited to boys only. Carol Gilligan in response to Kohlbergs theory developed the theory of gender and moral development. She concludes that males and females make moral judgments in different ways. Males use ajustice perspectiveIts wrong if the rules define it that way. Females use acare and responsibility perspectiveIts wrong if it damages relationships. Her recent research on egoism demonstrates that female self-esteem begins to slip during adolescence as they encounter more authority figures who are men. George Mead developed the theory of social self. Meads analysis focuses on mental processes and is often referred to associal behaviourism. He emphasized that the key to developing the